1. Why Scheduling Matters

In construction, planning defines what needs to be done, while scheduling defines when and in what order. Without a clear schedule, projects are prone to bottlenecks, idle crews, delayed deliveries and ultimately dissatisfied clients.

Tip: Think of the schedule as the project’s heartbeat — if it falters, the entire project suffers.

2. Difference Between Project Planning and Project Scheduling

  • Project Planning defines what needs to be done, the resources required and the overall strategy.
  • Project Scheduling defines when tasks will be done, their order and duration.

Tip: Apply project planning at the start to set objectives, allocate responsibilities and identify risks. Apply project scheduling after planning to create timelines, coordinate resources and track progress.

3. Scheduling Techniques

Different projects require different scheduling methods depending on complexity, size and risk level. Here are the most common techniques:

Technique
Purpose
Example/Use Case

Critical Path Method (CPM)
Identifies the sequence of dependent tasks that determine overall duration
Foundation → Framing → Roofing → Handover

Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
Accounts for uncertainty by using optimistic, pessimistic and most-likely estimates
Large infrastructure projects with unknowns, e.g., metro rail systems

Line of Balance (LOB)
Useful for repetitive tasks across multiple units
Housing complexes with 50 identical apartments built in phases

Tip: While Gantt charts are more useful for planning, CPM highlights which activities cannot slip without delaying the project. Regularly re-calculate the critical path after schedule updates — today’s non-critical task may become tomorrow’s bottleneck.

4. Dependencies and Milestones

Every project task relates to others and understanding these dependencies ensures smooth sequencing:

  • Finish-to-Start (FS): A task must finish before the next one starts (e.g., concrete curing before steel erection).
  • Start-to-Start (SS): Two tasks can begin at the same time (e.g., electrical rough-in and plumbing rough-in).
  • Finish-to-Finish (FF): Tasks must finish together (e.g., inspection and documentation).

Milestones are equally important. They provide visibility for clients and act as mini-deadlines that keep teams motivated.

5. Adjusting Schedules in Practice

Schedules are never static. Weather disruptions, design changes or supply issues force managers to adapt constantly. Good scheduling is proactive, not reactive.

Best practices include:

  • Progress Reviews: Weekly or bi-weekly site meetings comparing planned vs. actual timelines.
  • Fast-Tracking: Performing tasks in parallel to recover lost time.
  • Crashing: Adding resources to critical tasks (e.g., extra crews) to shorten duration.
  • Buffer Periods: Building in contingencies for high-risk activities like concrete curing or steel delivery.

6. Progress Tracking and Reporting

Accurate tracking ensures PMs maintain control and make data-driven decisions:

  • Daily Logs & Site Reports: Track work completed, labor hours, equipment usage and delays.
  • Weekly/Monthly Progress Reports: Compare actual vs. planned schedule, highlight risks and update stakeholders.
  • Dashboards & Visual Tools: Use Gantt charts, CPM diagrams or software like Primavera P6 or MS Project for real-time visibility.

Tip: Visual reporting improves clarity for both the site team and clients, allowing faster response to potential bottlenecks.

Need help? Download our free Construction Schedule Template here (Google Sheet) to start sequencing your tasks and milestones. For advanced projects try actiTIME.